Predatory loans

 Predatory Lenders use quite a number of different abusive practices when putting together a subprime loan. The possible targets for these practices are the elderly, low-income, or minority homeowners who, in many cases, would actually qualify for a regular prime loan. Fannie Mae estimates that possibly up to 50% of the subprime refinanced loans could have been prime loans – saving the borrowers thousands of dollars in fees and interest rates. The abuse of subprime loans in minority neighborhoods is evidenced by a government study in an African-American neighborhood showing over 51% of the refinanced mortgages being subprime, compared to only 9% in predominantly white neighborhoods. Borrowers are often subjected to very aggressive sales tactics to steer them or coerce them into refinancing when it isn't in their best interest. Many states are attempting to set up predatory lending laws to avert this type of activity. 

 A refinanced mortgage can be packed with excessive fees and/or unnecessary fees. A regular mortgage usually will have loan fees below 1% of the total loan amount. A predatory mortgage can have loan fees in excess of 5%. These excessive costs are tucked into the loan amount so the lender can easily disguise them, and these fees can put thousands of the homeowner's dollars into the predator's pockets. This practice falls within the definition of predatory lending. 

 Predators often add insurance and other unnecessary products to the loan amount. The insurance they either insist on or intimidate the borrower into buying can include regular mortgage insurance, fire and hazard insurance, life insurance, disability insurance, homeowner's insurance, and health insurance. The insurance can be extended to include all family members, not just the borrowers themselves. The premium for these items is also added onto the loan amount where the cost is not easily spotted by the borrower. And, of course, the predator earns large commissions every year on the premiums paid. A variation of this happens when three or five years of premium are paid in advance. 

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